The Role of Nitrogen, Organic and Biofertilizers in some Chemical and Qualitative Characteristics of Spinach Spinacea oleracea L.

Abstract

The experiment was conducted in the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape / College of Agriculture / University of Karbala in Al-Hussainiya district of Karbala governorate during the autumn season 2021-2022 to study the response of some chemical and qualitative characteristics of spinach variety Viroflay, with 2 factors,the levels of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) represent the main plots and the sub plots the fertilization treatments of the secondary panels (Sub plot) and the experiment included 54 experimental units, and the differences were compared using the least significant difference test (L.S.D) at a probability level of 0.05. The most important results that were reached can be summarized as follows The results of the fertilizer addition biological fertilizer + poultry manure (T6 treatment) showed a significant superiority in the leaves’ content of nutrients (N, P, K)in leaves,  the leaf area( 86.68 cm2.plant-1 ) , the total chlorophyll content of leaves (212.8 mg.100g) and the total yield (44.81 tons.ha-1). The addition of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) in treatment with N100% led to significant differences in the leaves in most of study indicators, The binary interactions between the fertilizer treatments and the nitrogen fertilization (urea) significantly affected the studied traits, as the interaction treatment N100×T6 achieved the highest values in the leaf nutrients content (N 6.217%, P 2.202% and K 4.480%), The same interaction treatment showed a significant increase between the levels of fertilization, as it gave the highest rates of vegetative characteristics and yield, and the leaf area was 104.0 cm2.plant-1 and the total chlorophyll content of leaves was 2016.0 mg.100gm and the total yield was 48.86 tons. ha-1.