Effect of planting date and bio fertilizer levels on growth and yield of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2022-2023 in the Field Crops Department College of Agriculture in order to improve the growth efficiency and yield of bread wheat by the influence of the planting date of bio fertilization. A complete randomized plot design was used with a split plot arrangement. The main factor included planting dates, while the secondary factor included levels of bio fertilizer. The results showed that the sowing dates did not differ between them in most of the studied traits, except for the characteristic of chlorophyll content, the length of the spike and the number of grains in the spike. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of bio fertilizer, as the level 6 kg ha^-1.excelled in giving the highest averages for the studied traits, as it gave the highest average grain yield of 2.71 ton ha^-1.and the highest biological yield reached 7087 ton ha^-1.. The results also showed that there was an overlap. Significant between sowing dates and bio fertilizer levels, as the overlap treatment of date 11-15 and 6 kg ha^-1.of manure achieved the highest mean of the number of tillers, spike length, weight of 1000 seeds and biological yield, which amounted to 7099 ton ha^-1., while the treatment of overlap date 10-12 with 6 kg ha^-1.has the highest average of plant height, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, number of spikes, number of grains per ear, and grain yield which reached 2081 ton ha^-1.