Response of some introduced genotypes of European rye crop (Secale cereale L.) to different seeding rates

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at the Second Research Station of Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna University, in Al Bandar area (which is located 3 km southwest of the center Al-Muthanna Governorate at a longitude of 45.26 and a latitude of 31.31) during the 2022-2023 agricultural season. To study the effect of four seeding rates (80, 100, 120, 140) kg ha^-1, represented by the symbols S1, S2, S3, S4, on most growth traits of three genotypes (Krzuca v1, Daukowskie zlote v2, Horyzo v3) of the Rye crop. The experiment was carried out in a split-plot with (R.C.B.D) design with three replicates, with seeding rates occupying the main plots and genotypes occupying the subplots. The results of the experiment showed the following:

Daukowskie zlote genotype outperformed Krzuca genotypes in the height of the plant (131.64 cm) and the number of tillers (273.0 stalks m^-2), while Horyzo genotype outperformed Daukowskie zlote genotypes in the number of days from germination to 50% flowering (103.42 days), While Krzuca genotype was superior in biological yield. As for seeding rates, the 100 kg ha^-1level outperformed the 80 kg ha^-1 level in the number of tillers (298.5 stalks m-²), and the 120 kg ha^-1 level outperformed the 100 kg ha^-1 level in the number of days from 50% flowering to physiological maturity (60.78 days). At the interaction between the two factors, the combination (Horyzo × 120) outperformed the other combinations in the height of the plant (141.93 cm), and the combination (Horyzo × 100) outperformed the other combinations in the number of tillers (352.9 stalks m-²) and biological yield.