Antagonistic effects of Securigera securidaca extracts, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens against Aspergillus sp., Fusarium solani, and Rhizoctonia sp. in vitro

Abstract

The study was carried out in the Diyala Agriculture Directorate, Plant Diseases Laboratory, during the year 2021 to evaluate the performance  of Securigera securidaca concentrations  (5%, 10%, and 15%) and  two bacteria Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens against Aspergillus sp, Fusarium solani, and Rhizoctonia sp in vitro. The results showed that the extract concentrations 5,10 and 15% of S. securidaca  inhibited the  mycelial growth of Aspergillus sp. with inhibition percentage 45.9 %, 55.2 % and 39.4 % respectively. The highest inhibition effect of plant extract on the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani was 49.9%  at the concentration 5%, while the inhibition percentage was 22.3% and 26.5%  at the concentrations 10 and 15%  respectively. The concentration 15% was superior in inhibition of mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia sp. 58.1%, followed by the concentration 5% and 10%, which reached 52.0% and 41.6% respectively. The bacteria P. fluorescens inhibited the  mycelial growth of Aspergillus sp.,Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia sp. with inhibition percentage 15.2 %, 22.4% and 61.1% respectively, whereas the bacteria B. cereus inhibited the  mycelial growth of previous fungi with inhibition percentage 12.4 %,18.3 % and 58.8 % respectively.