Effect of NaCl on the Germination and growth parameters of Some Flax Varieties (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Abstract

As a result of the phenomenon of climate change, drought and salinity are becoming an actual challenge to agriculture crop production. Flax is also one of the important agricultural crops that face the problem of salinity,   that is why the study of its salinity tolerance level an inevitable in order to not just keep its production level, but also increased it that can answer to the population marketers demand for the world population.  Seeds of Flax Varieties (Linum usitatissimum L) Syria, Rabar variety and Hikmat variety  where tested  of salinity tolerance with  four  levels of salt solution in sterilized water  ( 0.02 ,0.04, 0.06 and ,0.08  molL-1) and control ,that the e given Salt solutions are equivalent to 1.7, 2.3, 3.5 and 4.7 gL -1 of NaCl , that answer  to 1.8, 3.6, 5.5, and 7.3 Sd/m respectively The results shows clearly significant effect of varieties on  germination percentage ,speed  and  index, and significant decreasing of  germination percentage , germination speed  and  germination index  by increasing salinity levels. Regarding  growth issue , the  results show  significant effect of varieties on and growth parameters  except of root wet  weight which has  no significant  effect  by  varieties. Rebar variety exceed over Hiklmat variety and Syria variety by its only higher value of root wet weight. but Hikmat variety exceed over rebar and Syria by it is  highest  value  of root numbers and shoot length, and  Syria exceed over  Hikamt variety and Raber variety  by root try weight, shoot wet and dry weight as well  as root  length. with  increasing salinity levels decrease growth parameters, except of shoot dry weight that control  has  less  value in relation to other salt  levels and  is  equal  to 4.7 gL -1. The explanation to this instance, that control has less weigh value in relation to other salt levels, is because of accumulation of more salt substances in shoots in salt solution levels in compare with control, and the same explanation is valid to the result of roottoo. Significant interaction between salt levels and varieties about germination parameters indicate that Raber variety has is the supreme variety which tolerate better salinity in relation to Hikmat  and Syria. Reducing root numbers and length due to salinity has significant effect on the tolerance degrees of plants,  as the longer  and more  root  number , the better for plants to penetrate soil and  cover  more area in soil ,which  make  Plant  to tolerate more salinity and drought. 1.7 gL -1 which nswer  to 1.8 Sd/m is  the tolerance  level of  Flax to soil  salinity, in this  regard,  Rebar  has the height value  of  germination parameters at all salt levels, and by comparative way Rabar can  also  tolerate  salt level (2.3 gL -1  ) too  that answer to 3.6 Sd/m,  because  2.3 gL -1 of  Rabar variety almost equal or  even  higher then  (1.7 gL -1 )  in some  germination parameter of  Hikamt  variety and  Syria variety , therefore , Rabaer variety can tolerate in a soil  from  1.8Sd/m  to  3.6Sd/m ,  but  Hikmat   variety  and  Syria  cannot tolerate  soil salinity  above  1.8Sd/m.