The Role of Proline Acid in Enhancing the Yield Characteristics of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under Salt Stress Conditions.

• Alaa Ahmed Majed& Salma Khalid Yaseen

  Author

This experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the College of Education for Women, University of Tikrit, from 22 October 2025 to 12 May 2026, to evaluate the response of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants to foliar application of proline in terms of growth, yield, and selected chemical and anatomical traits under salt stress conditions. The trial was carried out in plastic pots using a two-factor factorial arrangement.: the first factor involved three salt concentrations (0, 3, 5 g/L), and the second factor involved the addition of proline acid at three concentrations (0, 100, 150 ml/L). The results indicated a clear response of hot pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) to proline application and salinity levels. Foliar spraying with proline at a concentration of 150 mg L⁻¹ had a significant positive effect on most vegetative growth parameters. This treatment recorded the highest mean values for plant height (45.0 cm), number of branches (17.0 branches plant⁻¹), number of leaves (68.0 leaves plant⁻¹), leaf area (409.2 cm²) and total chlorophyll content (1943 µg g⁻¹ fresh weight). With regard to yield-related traits, The results indicated a clear response of hot pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L.) to proline application and salinity levels. Foliar spraying with proline at a concentration of 150 mg L⁻¹ had a significant positive effect on most vegetative growth parameters. This treatment recorded the highest mean values for plant height (45.0 cm), number of branches (17.0 branches plant⁻¹), number of leaves (68.0 leaves plant⁻¹), leaf area (409.2 cm²) and total chlorophyll content (1943 µg g⁻¹ fresh weight). With regard to yield-related traits.

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