Exploiting Dam Sustainable water shead Resources in the Face of Water Scarcity: A Case Study Qarahanjeer, Kirkuk, Iraq.

• Fawzi Mardan Omar1, Qahtan Ahmed mohammed AlnuaimyA1, Suzan Ibrahim Baez *

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Water shortage is a severe problem for the Kirkuk region, necessitating the search for long-term solutions. The goal of this project is to use watershead resources to construct tiny dams that will help meet population demands and improve water management. A geographic information system (GIS) and a digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 12.5 meters were used for the hydrologic analysis. Mask techniques and hydrological characteristics, including fill, flow direction, flow accumulation, stream order, watershed delineation, slope, and aspect, have been used to determine the basin’s watershed border. The Strahler approach is used to identify the watershed's essential morphometric features, such as area and perimeter, stream length, and number of stream orders. Elevations in the 676.0 km² Qarahanjeer region range from 402 to 1001 meters. These evaluations are essential for making well-informed decisions when assessing the hydrologic characteristics of any place in Iraq. The application of GIS technology markedly decreases time, cost, and effort, rendering it an essential instrument for such assessments. The results revealed several suitable sites for building dams, which will contribute to improving groundwater management. Models for dam design utilizing spatial data were also introduced. The construction of a dam at a 640-meter contour line, with a dam Homogeneous Earth Dam length of 360 meters, a height of 32 meters, and a capacity of 77,9 million cubic meters, in the northeast of the study area.

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