Effect the site, heartwood and sapwood on some chemical characterization composition of Quercus aegilops L. naturally growing in Kurdistan region of Iraq

• Hadar Sami Saeed1, Ahmed Saieed Abdullah2, and Aree Adel Abdulqader3

  Author

Oaks are one of the important trees, distributed in many regions of temperate zone in the world. The Valonia oak tree (Quercus aegilops L.) comprises ~ 70% of the oak forests in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Besides its ecological importance as the residence for various endemic and migratory species, also has socio-economic values. The study aims to investigate the effect of site, heartwood and sapwood chemical properties wood of Q. aegilops tree to knowledge to increase the efficiency of their utilization. Nine mature trees with tree height ranged from 8.10 to 8.90 m and tree diameter are between 21.10 and 24.50cm at breast height were randomly selected and harvested from three naturally regenerated and unmanaged sites within the natural geographic distribution area. Lignin, ash, and total extractive content were determined from the sapwood and heartwood of species in each site. Significant difference effects noted among the sites, wood type, and their interactions on some wood chemicals of tree studies. Trees of the Zakho content more chemical extractive in hot-water (29.972%), chloroform (5.583%), acetone (4. 667%), lignin (31.70%), and ash content (2.79%).  Makes the trees of this site more survive by fighting off pests and diseases, and they provide valuable raw materials for medicines, building products, and everyday industrial, compare to the trees of both Imedi and Safin. The results indicated that heartwood content more extractive than the sapwood. The sapwood generally had higher chemical extractive content in ethanol and acetone solvent, while the heartwood had a greater amount of lignin (34.956%), ash (2.66%) and extractives dissolved in hot-water (26.781%), and chloroform (3.917%). This may affect the higher durability and color of heartwood.

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