Response of table beet plants Beta Vulgaris L. to organic fertilization and nano-calcium spraying in terms of vegetative and root growth indicators.

• Baneen Ahmed Abdul Hassen1 and zainab Hssan Thajeel2

  Author

The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a factorial arrangement. The treatments were three levels of organic fertilizer (0, 1800, and 3600 g ha⁻¹) and three concentrations of nano-calcium (0, 20, and 40 mg L⁻¹)..Results revealed that both organic fertilizer and nano-calcium boosted the nutritional status of the plants significantly over the control. The highest values of number of leavesat 14.46 leaves.Plant^-1  and dry matter of the vegetative partsat 28.77 g  were recorded with the combined application of 3600 g ha⁻¹ organic fertilizer and 40 mg L⁻¹ nano-calcium. Root content of ascorbic acid, total sugars content in roots, T.S.S, and root shape guide  treatment to reach 2.341 mg. 100 ml ,2.412 % ,11.478 ,14.06 In succession . reducing sugars and sucrose content decreased with increasing levels of fertilizer and nano-calcium, which indicates a shift in carbohydrate allocation toward structural growth and biomass formation. A very strong synergistic effect emerged between the two factors to give the highest marketable yield. According to the variance analysis, the treatments were highly significant at the 5% probability level (LSD₀.₀₅ = 372.7). Organic fertilization with nano calcium foliar application enhances nutrient uptake efficiency and increases both yield and quality parameters of beetroot under field conditions. Keywords: Beta vulgaris L.; organic fertilizer; nano-calcium; nutrient uptake; reducing sugars; carbohydrate composition; marketable yield; sustainable fertilization.

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