Effect of Sulfur Levels and genotype on Leaf Area, NPK Content, Seed Yield and Oil Percentage of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

• 1Nadia Mustafa Mohammed Sharef Ahmed 1+2Jasim Mohammed Aziz

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The field experiment was conducted north of Kirkuk city at the Kirkuk Agriculture Directorate's research center in the Al-Hisar area of ​​Shwan sub-district, approximately 30 km from the city center, at latitude 35.633435° North and longitude 44.37987° East. The experiment aimed to study the effect of sulfur levels and varietal performance on the growth, yield, and oil content of sesame. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement and three replications. The main plots included the three applied sulfur levels (0, 750 kg ha⁻¹, and 1500 kg ha⁻¹). The subplots included the ten genotypes (Rafidain, Baytim, Wadaa, GOLMMUROS, NAGHAL157, Mahli, Had, Malaysian Black, Giza, and Sumer). Each replication consisted of 30 experimental units, for a total of 90 experimental units. An experimental unit was used, and each replicate included three main plots (levels of added sulfur). Each main plot contained ten subplots, which were sesame genotypes randomly distributed within the replicate. The results were as follows: The treatment with added sulfur at a concentpercentagen of 750 kg ha⁻¹ was excelled, recording the highest average for plant height (178.9 cm), leaf chlorophyll content (56.6 Spad), and seed yield (2136.9 kg.ha^-1). In contrast, the treatment with sulfur at a level of 1500 kg ha⁻¹ achieved the highest average number of capsules (182.4 capsules per plant) and oil content (50.6%). Regarding genotypes, Wadaa genotype was excelled in leaf chlorophyll content (56.7 Spad), number of seeds per capsule (86.1 seeds per capsule), and seed yield (2687.7). The Giza genotype recorded the highest average for 1000-seed weight (3.1). Regarding the interaction between genetic makeup and sulfur levels, the results showed a significant increase in the interaction coefficients for most of the studied traits.

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